The pinhole technique has been considered as one of the simon-pure ways of recording light and producing images. Based on the propositions of centuries’ old pinhole camera or camera (“chamber” in French and “kamara” symbolizing vaulted chamber in Greek) obscura (dark) which is nothing more than a simple light tight box or a darken chamber with a hole in one side, the colossal use of the technique started in the Western Renaissance for producing images with linear perspective in paintings etc., albeit its corroboration dates back to as early as fifth century B.C. According to Hammond (1981:1), the Mohist Chinese philosopher Mo Ti (470 B.C.-391 B.C.) was the first to capture the formation of an inverted image on a screen utilizing a pinhole camera. He presumed that light travels in straight lines. Then, in the western hemisphere, the Greek philosopher Aristotle (384 B.C.-322 B.C.), in his work “Problems” mentioned about pinhole image formation but he couldn’t detect any satisfactory explanation to his observations leaving the problems vexed until the sixteenth century. Euclid, a Greek mathematician, in around 300 B.C., demonstrated that light travels in straight lines with a special mention to camera obscura in “Optics”. Anthemius of Tralles (during sixth century A.D.), a Greek professor of geometry, also used camera obscura for his many experiments. During the tenth century A.D., the Arabian physicist and mathematician Ibn-al-Haytham (Alhazen) manifested the rectilinear propagation of light by experimenting the image formation through a tiny hole in a “Dark Chamber”. Shen Kuo (1031-1095), the Chinese scientist from the Song Dynasty also cited about camera obscura in his book “Dream Pool Essays”. During the thirteenth century, Roger Bacon Arnaldus de Villa Nova also mentioned about the camera obscura. Then, it was in the manuscript “Codex Atlanticus” (c.1485), the first ever comprehensive description about the pinhole camera was accredited by one of the greatest painters of all times and the multifariously proficient person from the western world Leonardo da Vinci who used it to study perspective. Giovanni Battista Della Porta (1538-1615) from Naples elucidated pinhole camera in his first edition “Magia Naturalis”. Gemma Frisius, an astronomer studied the solar eclipse of 1544 using a pinhole in a darkened room and was apparently said to be the first published picture of a pinhole camera obscura titled “Gemma Frisius’ De Radio Astronomica et Geometrica”.
It was Johannes Kepler (1571-1630) who actually coined the very term “Camera Obscura” which simply meant a dark room, tent or box with a hole on one side and was used by artists to draw landscapes. In 1620’s, he invented a portable camera obscura which was extensively used by artists and painters. In 1658, Thomas Browne, an English Polymath and author, in his “The Garden Of Cyrus” hypothesized about optics and camera obscura. David Brewster (from Scotland), William Crookes (a British Chemist and Physicist) and William de Wiveleslie Abney (an English astronomer, chemist and photographer) were amongst the first to try pinhole photographs. Then later, Joseph Nicephore Niepce, Louis Daguerre and William Fox Talbot were accredited for creating the earliest permanent existing photographs using the camera obscura.
References:
https://photo.net/pinhole/pinhole
photo.net/pinhole/frisius.htm
www.obscurajournal.com/history.php
www.corinehormann.nl/History%20of%20the%20Pinhole.html
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinhole_camera
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camera_obscura
www.alternativephotography.com/wp/history/pinhole-history
https://bulliver.wordpress.com/tag/pinhole-camera
www.pinhole.cz/en/pinholecameras/whatis.html
www.openeye.org.uk/2013/04/a-short-history-of-pinhole-by-eleanor-suggett/
58 Comments
Hello, I enjoy reading all of your article. I like to write a little comment to support you.
That is really fascinating, You’re a very skilled blogger.
I have joined your feed and stay up for in quest of extra of
your great post. Additionally, I have shared your web site in my social networks
Very neat article post. Really Cool. Masley
Fantastic goods from you, man. I have understand your stuff previous to and you’re just extremely great.
I really like what you have acquired here, really like what you’re stating and
the way in which you say it. You make it entertaining and you still
take care of to keep it sensible. I cant wait to read much more
from you. This is actually a wonderful web site.
I really like and appreciate your post. Really Cool.
magnificent issues altogether, you just gained a emblem new reader. What may you recommend about your publish that you made some days ago? Any certain?
“Major thanks for the blog article.Really looking forward to read more. Really Great.”
I simply want to say I am just beginner to blogging and actually liked this blog site. Probably I’m likely to bookmark your blog post . You surely have excellent well written articles. Kudos for revealing your website page.
Great, thanks for sharing this article.Really looking forward to read more. Cool.
I truly appreciate this blog article. Great.
Wow, awesome blog format! How lengthy have you been blogging for? you make running a blog look easy. The whole glance of your website is fantastic, as neatly as the content material!
Helpful information. Fortunate me I found your web site by
accident, and I’m surprised why this twist of fate did not came about in advance!
I bookmarked it.
Someone essentially lend a hand to make seriously posts I’d state. This is the very first time I frequented your website page and up to now? I amazed with the analysis you made to create this particular publish incredible. Excellent process!
You made certain good points there. I did a search on the theme and found the majority of people will agree with your blog.
Excellent post. I was checking constantly this blog and I am impressed! Extremely useful information particularly the closing phase
I maintain such information much. I used to be looking for this particular information for a long time. Thank you and good luck.
Fantastic article.Really looking forward to read more. Want more.
Great article! We will be linking to this particularly great article on our website.
Keep up the good writing.
Hey very nice blog!
Somebody necessarily help to make severely posts I might state. That is the first time I frequented your website page and thus far? I surprised with the analysis you made to create this actual submit incredible. Excellent job!
Hello my family member! I wish to say that this article is awesome, nice written and come with approximately all significant infos. I’d like to peer more posts like this.
I have been checking out many of your stories and i can claim pretty nice stuff. I will definitely bookmark your website.
Super-Duper blog! I am loving it!! Will be back later to read some more. I am taking your feeds also.
I have read some just right stuff here. Definitely worth bookmarking for revisiting. I wonder how a lot attempt you set to make any such fantastic informative web site.
“I really like and appreciate your blog post.Much thanks again. Really Cool.”
Helpful info. Fortunate me I found your web site unintentionally, and I’m stunned why this accident didn’t happened in advance! I bookmarked it.
I cannot thank you enough for the blog article.Really thank you! Really Cool.
Hello my family member! I wish to say that this post is amazing, nice written and come with approximately all vital infos. I would like to peer more posts like this .
I spent a lot of time to locate something like this
I truly appreciate this article.Really thank you! Awesome.
Thank you for your article post.Really thank you! Cool.
It’s laborious to find knowledgeable folks on this topic, but you sound like you realize what you’re speaking about! Thanks
Thanks for sharing excellent informations. Your web site is so cool. I am impressed by the details that you’ve on this website. It reveals how nicely you perceive this subject. Bookmarked this web page, will come back for extra articles. You, my pal, ROCK! I found simply the info I already searched everywhere and simply couldn’t come across. What a perfect site.
My brother suggested I might like this website. He was entirely right. This post truly made my day. You cann’t imagine simply how much time I had spent for this information! Thanks!
I’m really inspired together with your writing skills and also with the format in your blog. Is that this a paid topic or did you customize it yourself? Either way keep up the excellent high quality writing, it’s rare to see a nice blog like this one today..
Some really select blog posts on this site, saved to favorites .
Definitely, what a fantastic website and revealing posts, I will bookmark your website.Best Regards!
I was recommended this blog by my cousin. I am not sure whether this post is written by him as no one else know such detailed about my difficulty. You’re wonderful! Thanks!
I am continuously looking online for tips that can facilitate me. Thx!
Admiring the hard work you put into your site and in depth information you offer.
It’s awesome to come across a blog every
once in a while that isn’t the same unwanted rehashed information. Excellent read!
I’ve bookmarked your site and I’m adding your RSS feeds to my Google account.
Very nice post. I simply stumbled upon your weblog and wanted to mention that I have truly loved browsing your
blog posts. After all I will be subscribing in your feed
and I hope you write once more very soon!
Hi there! Such a good article, thanks!
I like the article
Good day! I just wish to give you a huge thumbs up for the great info you have right here on this post. I will be coming back to your web site for more soon.
I was very pleased to discover this site. I want to to thank you for your time due to this fantastic read!! I definitely appreciated every bit of it and I have you bookmarked to see new things in your website.
Hello There. I discovered your weblog using msn. That is a really neatly written article.
I will make sure to bookmark it and return to read more of your useful information.
Thanks for the post. I will definitely comeback.
Your style is unique compared to other people I’ve read stuff from.
Thank you for posting when you have the opportunity, Guess I’ll just book mark this blog.
After looking into a number of the blog articles on your web page, I
seriously like your way of blogging. I added it to my bookmark site list and
will be checking back in the near future. Please visit my web sjte too and tell mee how you feel.
Hey there! I know this is kinda off topic but I’d figured I’d ask. Would you be interested in exchanging links or maybe guest authoring a blog article or vice-versa? My site covers a lot of the same subjects as yours and I think we could greatly benefit from each other. If you are interested feel free to send me an e-mail. I look forward to hearing from you! Terrific blog by the way!
Way cool! Some extremely valid points! I appreciate you writing this post and also the rest of the website is also very good.
my web-site :: exam (http://drinvestim.com/members/creamwedge18/activity/55462/)
I pay a visit daily a few web sites and sites to read articles,
however this weblog presents quality based writing.
Check out my webpage :: certified public accountant
Hello my friend! I wish to say that this post is
awesome, nice written and include almost all vital infos.
I’d like to peer extra posts like this.
Also visit my web blog; pmp exams
Hi! I’ve been reading your blog for a long time now and finally got the courage to go ahead and
give you a shout out from Houston Tx! Just wanted to say keep
up the fantastic work!
Have a look at my web site: lpi certification
I am really pleased to glance at this internet site posts which carries plenty of valuable facts, thanks for providing these information.
my blog – journal with both lined and blank pages
I conceive you have mentioned some very interesting details, appreciate it for the post.
Also visit my site … test (http://tokarka.ru/bitrix/rk.php?goto=https://examandmore.com)
Thank you very much for the information provided
I’m very impressed
Usually I do not read post on blogs, however I wish to say that this
write-up very forced me to try and do it! Your writing style has been surprised me.
Thanks, quite nice article.
Also visit my homepage; ec0-350 exam (Errol)
Thankfulness to my father who informed me regarding this weblog,
this webpage is genuinely awesome.
my web-site … pmp training, Yukiko,
Pretty nice post. I just stumbled upon your blog and wanted to say that I’ve really loved browsing your weblog posts. After all I’ll be subscribing on your rss feed and I am hoping you write once more soon! beaut.infoforwomen.be/map4.php bering ring herr